Advantame
Advantame, a sweetener. Advantame is a high-intensity, non-nutritive sweetener formed by reductive alkylation of aspartame with an isovanillin-derived…
Advantame is a high-intensity, non-nutritive sweetener formed by reductive alkylation of Aspartame with an isovanillin-derived (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propyl group, yielding a methyl-ester dipeptide derivative roughly 20,000 times sweeter than sucrose and ~110 times sweeter than aspartame. Sweetness arises from agonism at the heterodimeric T1R2/T1R3 sweet-taste GPCR on lingual taste cells, transduced via gustducin/PLCβ2 and TRPM5. Because it is effective at microgram-to-milligram levels, it is functionally non-caloric and does not raise Glucose or Insulin. It is poorly absorbed; the carboxymethyl ester is hydrolysed by intestinal esterases to advantame acid (de-esterified advantame), the principal faecal metabolite, with trace liberation of methanol and phenylalanine that is negligible at use levels.
E969; ~20,000x sweeter than sucrose (~110x aspartame). EU/FDA-approved non-nutritive sweetener; EFSA ADI 5 mg/kg bw/day. Despite containing a phenylalanine moiety, it is exempt from PKU "phenylketonurics" labeling because amounts used are negligibly small.