Ampicillin
Ampicillin. Aminopenicillin β-lactam — broader spectrum than penicillin (adds Listeria, Enterococcus, some gram-negatives). IV use in meningitis… Oral half-life 0.9 h.
Aminopenicillin β-lactam — broader spectrum than penicillin (adds Listeria, Enterococcus, some gram-negatives). IV use in meningitis empiric coverage + Listeria-targeted therapy in elderly + immunocompromised. Renal-cleared.
PK: the stored 1.45 h is verbatim but POISONED TWICE OVER — the study co-dosed 1 g of PROBENECID, which blocks the tubular secretion that dominates ampicillin elimination, and the drug given was SULTAMICILLIN, a prodrug. That paper also has no intravenous arm, so the 1 h on the intravenous row was invented to make a route split look plausible; a disposition half-life cannot differ by route. Re-sourced: 52.4 minutes (0.87 h) and a true volume of 29.4 L from PMID:6460974, ten healthy men dosed intravenously without probenecid, and oral F 0.35 from PMID:279976, ten subjects in an oral-versus-intravenous crossover — the stored 0.4 was neither, and the 65% urinary recovery in the old paper is not a bioavailability. V 21 L and ka 1 /h dropped.
Pharmacokinetics
- Oral — t½ 52 min · F 35% · Vd 29.4 L
- IV — t½ 52 min · F 100% · Vd 29.4 L
Sources: PMID:6313357, PMID:279976, PMID:6460974