Metronidazole
Metronidazole. Nitroimidazole — anaerobic bacteria + protozoa reduce the nitro group to a cytotoxic radical that fragments DNA. Disulfiram-like… Oral half-life 7 h.
Nitroimidazole — anaerobic bacteria + protozoa reduce the nitro group to a cytotoxic radical that fragments DNA. Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol. Modest CYP3A4 inhibition raises warfarin INR.
PK: the previous citation (PMID:10384859) is a REVIEW that states no numeric half-life at all, and its volume was the midpoint of a stated 0.51-1.1 L/kg range scaled to 70 kg. Re-sourced: Bergan 1986 (PMID:3731917), 10 healthy volunteers, 0.5 g IV, verbatim "The serum half-life of metronidazole was 7.1 in the healthy subjects" and a steady-state distribution volume of "0.404 liter/kg" (28 L at 70 kg) — one paper for both. Oral half-life 7.0 h from Houghton 1979 (PMID:508508), verbatim "the half-life estimates were 7.0 h and 7.3 h respectively". F corrected 0.9 -> 1: the stored value was a lower BOUND (">90%") while the measured figure is "approximately 1" (PMID:3743624). ka 1.4 /h dropped as unstated.
Pharmacokinetics
- Oral — t½ 7 h · F 100%
- IV — t½ 7.1 h · F 100% · Vd 28 L
Related compounds
- Warfarin — major
Sources: PMID:10384859, PMID:508508, PMID:3731917, PMID:3743624