Pramiracetam
Pramiracetam, a nootropic. Highly lipophilic racetam — reported to enhance high-affinity choline uptake (HACU) in hippocampus → increased ACh… Oral half-life 4.8 h.
Highly lipophilic racetam — reported to enhance high-affinity choline uptake (HACU) in hippocampus → increased ACh synthesis. Mechanism distinct from piracetam's AMPA modulation. Best absorbed with fat.
ABSORPTION-RATE PROVENANCE: this value was derived by inverting the one-compartment peak-time relation in 2026-05-26-wave25-ka-from-tmax.ts, whose header claimed every peak time was verbatim from a primary human study. ALL FORTY-FOUR ENTRIES HAVE NOW BEEN CHECKED AND TWENTY-EIGHT FAIL. This one fails because the midpoint of a verbatim "attained between two to three hours". It is DISCLOSED RATHER THAN DELETED: a midpoint of a narrow range is usually inside the true spread, and removing it would fall back on the solver default of 1.0 per hour, which is worse for most of these records. PK: THE STORED VOLUME IS FOUR TO SIX TIMES BELOW THE BOTTOM OF ITS OWN CITED RANGE. That abstract reports "the mean apparent volume of distribution (1.82-2.94 L/kg)", which at the seventy-kilogram reference is 127 to 206 litres, against a stored 35 — the solver default, not a measurement. EVERY PARAMETER IN THAT PAPER IS A RANGE and none is a point value, so nothing there is directly storable: the half-life is "4.5-6.5 hours" and the clearance "4.45-4.85 mL/min/kg". THE REPLACEMENT IS THEREFORE DERIVED AND SAYS SO — the clearance at the stored half-life — and its one virtue is a genuine cross-check: it lands INSIDE the independently stated volume range, which the stored value did not. A range interior would normally be refused; the alternative here was a number outside the range altogether.
Pharmacokinetics
- Oral — t½ 4.8 h · F 86% · ka 0.856 h⁻¹ · Vd 135 L
Sources: PMID:4008675