Thymosin α1
Thymosin α1, a peptide. N-terminal peptide cleaved from prothymosin α. Activates TLR9 → MyD88 → NF-κB in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and… Subcutaneous half-life 2 h.
N-terminal peptide cleaved from prothymosin α. Activates TLR9 → MyD88 → NF-κB in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and T cells — drives Th1 cytokine profile (IFN-γ, IL-2). Clinically used in chronic HBV/HCV (in EU/Asia), severe sepsis adjunct (China), and as an adjuvant for influenza / pandemic flu vaccines in the elderly.
PK: Ancell 2001 (PMID:11381492), verbatim "the serum half-life is approximately 2 hours". PROVENANCE CAVEAT: that is a narrative review rather than a primary study, and its abstract never states a species — human by clinical context only. No primary human PK for this peptide exists in any indexed abstract; the literature is formulation and half-life-extension work on modified variants. ka 1 /h, V 24.5 L and F 1 dropped 2026-09-06: none appears in the source, and ka 1 /h contradicts the same abstract's statement that peak concentrations arrive within two hours.
Pharmacokinetics
- Subcutaneous — t½ 2 h
Sources: PMID:11381492