PEAK ATP
PEAK ATP, a nucleotide. Oral ATP does not enter cells intact — rapidly dephosphorylated in the gut and circulation to ADP → AMP → adenosine → inosine. Proposed…
Oral ATP does not enter cells intact — rapidly dephosphorylated in the gut and circulation to ADP → AMP → adenosine → inosine. Proposed mechanism for ergogenic effects is extracellular ATP signalling at P2X/P2Y purinergic receptors on vascular and immune cells, increasing blood flow and reducing fatigue. Human RCTs show modest power-output improvements.